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Konkriti ndi nkhani yolimba komanso yolimba. Ngakhale mtundu wa simenti uli ndi zaka masauzande ambiri, konkriti yamakono ya hydraulic yoyamba idawoneka mu 1756 nyumba zakale, milatho ndi malo ena amayimilirabe lero.
Koma konkriti siosavuta. Mwachilengedwe zimachitika ming'alu, komanso ming'alu yoyambitsidwa ndi mapangidwe osayenera, zimachitika. Mwamwayi, mafilimu abwino kwambiri osokoneza bongo amatha kukonza ming'alu pamaziko Werengani kuti mudziwe zambiri za kukonza zinthu zosawoneka bwino komanso zina mwanzeru zabwino kwambiri pamsika kuti mugwire ntchitoyo.
Pali zifukwa zambiri zopezeka zaming'alu ya konkire. Nthawi zina, kusintha kwachilengedwe pansi chifukwa cha kuzizira. Ngati konkriti imasakaniza madzi ambiri kapena kuchiritsa mwachangu kwambiri, ming'alu imathanso kuonekeranso. Mosasamala kanthu za momwe zinthu ziliri, pali chinthu chapamwamba kwambiri chomwe chimatha kukonza ming'aluyi. Otsatirawa ndi zinthu ndi zinthu zomwe muyenera kukumbukira mukamagula.
Pali mitundu ingapo ya mafakitale a konkriti, zina mwazoyenera zambiri za njira zachindunji zokonza kuposa ena.
Mukamasankha zopindika za konkriti, m'lifupi mwake, mumaganizira kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi ming'alu yamphamvu ndi othamanga, ming'alu yabwino imafuna njira zosiyanasiyana.
Kuti musing'anga yabwino, sankhani madzi otsekemera kapena chowonda chowonda, chomwe chingayende mosavuta ndikudzaza. Kwa ming'alu yowoneka bwino (pafupifupi ma inches), mafilimu ang'onoang'ono, monga mabungwe olemera kapena kukonza, angafunikire.
Kwa ming'alu yayikulu, konkriti-konkriti kapena kukonzanso kungakhale chisankho chabwino kwambiri. Zosakaniza za konkriti Starrete zitha kugwira ntchitoyo, ndipo mutha kusakaniza ngati pakufunika kudzaza ming'alu. Pogwiritsa ntchito chomaliza pamankhwala atha kubisa kukonza ndikuwonjezera mphamvu.
Makonda osokoneza bongo onse ayenera kukhala osagwirizana ndi nyengo komanso madzi osamba. Popita nthawi, madzi otetezedwa amachepetsa konkritiyo, ndikupangitsa konkriti kusweka ndi kugwedezeka. Zigawo zosindikizira makamaka ndizoyenera izi chifukwa zimatha kudzaza ming'alu ndikuchepetsa konkriti yoyandikana.
Dziwani za akumwepoto: Madzi akamayang'ana konkriti ndipo kutentha kumatsika m'munsimu, madzi oundani adzapanga ndikuwonjezera. Izi zitha kubweretsa ming'alu yayikulu, maziko ndi makoma osweka. Madzi otsekemera amatha kukankhira konkriti kuchokera kumato.
Chogulitsa chilichonse chili ndi nthawi yake yopukuza, yomwe kwenikweni ndi nthawi yomwe imayenera kuti iume kwathunthu ndikukonzeka. Zipangizo zina zimakhalanso ndi nthawi yokhazikika, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti siuma koma siziyenda kapena kuthamanga, ndipo zitha kupulumuka mvula.
Ngakhale opanga nthawi zambiri samatchula kukhazikitsa kapena kungochiritsa nthawi yofotokozera za mankhwalawa, zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri zimakhazikika pasanathe ola limodzi ndi maora ochepa. Ngati chinthucho chikuyenera kusakanikirana ndi madzi, kuchuluka kwa madzi komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kumakhudzanso nthawi yochiritsa.
Musanayambe kukonza, chonde onani nyengo ndi kutentha. Zinthuzi zidzauma mwachangu nyengo yotentha, koma ngati mungagwiritse ntchito zosakaniza konkriti, simukufuna kuti ziume msanga, apo ayi zimasokoneza. Chifukwa chake, mu nyengo yotentha, mungafunike kusunga malo okwezeka okhazikika.
Ambiri (koma osati onse) amadzimadzi amadzimadzi, zigawo ndi zigamba sizikhala zosakanizidwa. Kuwuma kowuma kumafuna madzi, kenako kusakaniza ndi dzanja mpaka kusinthidwa kwapakatikati kumachitika - izi zitha kukhala zophatikiza za wopanga zomwe wopanga omwe mukufuna. Ndikofunika kutsatira njira zosakanikirana momwe mungathere, koma ngati pakufunika, mutha kuchepetsa kusakaniza ndi madzi owonjezera.
Pankhani ya epoxy, wogwiritsa ntchito amasakaniza zojambulazo ndi zolimba. Mwamwayi, ma epoxy ambiri amapezeka mu machubu odzikaniza okha. Chonde dziwani kuti zinthuzi zimatha kukhala zovuta kwambiri, motero muli ndi nthawi yochepa kuti mugwire ntchito. Ndiwofala makalati oyambira chifukwa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'ana malo oletsedwa ndi kupewa kulowa pansi.
Pali njira zingapo zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito konkriti zowoneka bwino kwambiri, ndipo njira yomwe mungasankhire zimatengera malonda ndi kukula kwa kusweka.
Filler yamadzi imadzaza mumtsuko yaying'ono ndipo imatha kutsika mosavuta m'ming'alu. Caulk ndi Sealant ikhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti yokoka kuti muthe kuthana ndi ming'alu yapakatikati. Zambiri mwazinthu izi zimadzilimbitsa, zomwe zimatanthawuza ogwiritsa ntchito sayenera kuwayatsa kuti athetse ngakhale kumaliza.
Ngati chosakaniza kapena chigamba (chowuma kapena chouma) chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ming'alu yayikulu, nthawi zambiri zimakhala bwino kugwiritsa ntchito chopondera kapena chopondera kuti mukankhire zinthuzo kukhala zong'ambika ndikusalala. Kubwezeretsa kungafunike kuyandama (lathyathyathya, yayikulu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthyola malo omanga) kuti mugwiritse ntchito chipongwe chosalala.
Wokongoletsa bwino kwambiri amatha kupanga osavomerezeka kukumbukira masana. Zinthu zotsatirazi zimawerengedwa bwino pamsika, koma posankha chinthu chabwino kwambiri pantchito yanu, onetsetsani kuti mwalingalira pamwambapa.
Kaya ndi kukhwima pang'ono kapena kusiyana kwakukulu, sikaflex kudziletsa kumatha kuthana nayo. Chogulitsacho chimatha kudzaza mipata mpaka mainchesi 1.5 m'limi lalikulu lozungulira monga pansi, mayendedwe, ndi makhate. Pambuyo pochiritsidwa kwathunthu, zimakhazikika ndipo zimatha kumizidwa kwathunthu m'madzi, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera makonzedwe kapena madera ena omwe amapezeka ndi madzi.
Sikaflex amabwera mumtsuko 10 womwe umakwanira mfuti yokhazikika. Ingofinyani zomwe zimapangidwazo mu ming'alu, chifukwa cha kudzidalira, pafupifupi ntchito yopanda chida yomwe imafunikira kuti mupeze yunifolomu. Sikaflex yochiritsidwa kwathunthu imatha kupakidwa utoto, wopata kapena wopukutidwa mpaka kumapeto kwa wogwiritsa ntchito.
Kukonza kotsika mtengo kwa Slab kotsika kakang'ono ka Sashi kutsimikizika kuyika kwambiri pakusinthasintha katatu katatu m'lifupi mwake unakonzedwa. Ndodo iyi imatha kuthana ndi ming'alu mpaka mainchesi atatu m'mbali mwa njira, ma draces, pansi, ndi malo ena ozungulira.
Nyipi ya oz iyi imayikidwa mu mfuti yokhazikika ndipo ndiyosavuta kuyenda, kulola ogwiritsa ntchito kuti mudzigule mu ming'alu yayikulu ndi yaying'ono popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mpeni wopondera kapena wopanda pake. Atachiritsa, umakhala wotopa komanso kusinthasintha kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwa zoyambitsidwa ndi ma freeze-thaw. Chogulitsacho chimathanso kupakidwa penti, chifukwa chake ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kusakaniza cholumikizira ndi konkriti yonse.
Kudzaza ming'alu konkriti pamaziko nthawi zambiri kumafuna zinthu zopangidwa mwapadera, ndipo radiwely ndi chisankho mwanzeru ntchitoyi. Fomu yokonza imagwiritsa ntchito epoxy ndipo pourerethane chithovu kuti ikonzere miyala mpaka 1/2 inchi yokutira mu batiro lapansi ndi makoma a konkriti.
Trat imaphatikizapo machubu awiri ofunda a polyirethane kuti adzaze ming'alu, doko la jakisoni kuti mutsatire ming'alu, ndi epoxy awiri a kusindikiza ming'alu musanayambe. Pali zinthu zokwanira kudzaza ming'alu mpaka kutalika kwa mikono 10. Kukonzanso kumateteza madzi, tizilombo ndi mipweya ndi nthaka ya nthaka kuti zisalowetse maziko, kupangitsa nyumbayo kukhala yotetezeka komanso yowuma.
Mukamachita ndi ming'alu yayikulu mu konkriti kapena kusowa chizindikiro chomanga, kukonza kungafunikenso zinthu zambiri, kuphatikiza konkriti yofiira ya Sydy 0644. Chogulitsacho chimabwera mu bioni imodzi, chosakanizika komanso okonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito.
Chitsamba chofiira cha ntchentche sichinaphatikizidwe ndi ming'alu yayikulu m'misewu yayikulu, misewu yammbali ndi malo otsetsereka, komanso mawonekedwe owongoka m'nyumba ndi kunja. Pulogalamuyi imangofunika wosuta kuti azikankhira mkanjo wokhala ndi mpeni ndi kusalala pansi. Mdyerekezi wa Red
Ming'alu yabwino imakhala yovuta, ndipo amafunikira zowonda zamadzimadzi kuti zizilowa ndikusindikiza mipata. Njira yamadzimadzi ya ntrateti yosungunuka yosinthika imalowa mkati mwake kuti ipangire nthawi yayitali ndikukhalabe otumphuka mu nyengo yotentha komanso yozizira.
Botolo la ma nati 1 iyi la Conclete Frack Filler ndi losavuta kutsatira: ingochotsani kapuyo, pukutsani madziwo mumtsempha, kenako ndikuchiza mpeni. Atachiritsa, wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kuimba kuti agwirizane ndi konkriti, ndipo dzitsimikizire kuti kukonzekera kudzateteza tizilombo, udzu ndi madzi kuti mupewe.
Chingwe cha DRAP chokhacho chimayenera kuyesera kusintha kwaming'alu mwachangu komanso kosatha. Chuma ichi cha sealant ndichoyenera mfuti chokwanira, ndizosavuta kukhazikika mu ming'alu, ndipo ndi gawo lokhalo kuti mukwaniritse kukonza kosalala komanso yunifolomu.
Sealant ikhoza kukhala yopanda madzi ndi nyengo mkati mwa maola atatu, ndipo wosuta amatha kupaka utoto mkati mwa ola limodzi kuti akonzekeretse ming'alu pamwamba pa womanga. Formula imapangidwanso kuti isale ndi milankhu, ndikupanga kukhala yabwino madera onyowa.
Nthawi ikakhala yolimba, 00917 simemer hydraulic wtrpp sikisiri yosakanikirana ndiyofunika kuilingalira. Izi nkuphatikiza mu mphindi 5 ndipo ndi yoyenera kukonza malo osiyanasiyana omanga.
Kusakaniza kwa hydraul iyi kumadzaza mu chidebe cha mapaundi 4 ndikugwiritsa ntchito kukonza ming'alu m'maso, makoma a njerwa ndi matelo. Itha kukonzanso zitsulo (monga njerwa) pa konkriti yokonza kwa nthawi yayitali. Atachiritsa, zinthu zotsatirazi ndizovuta komanso zolimba, kutha kuletsa mafuta a dothi ndikuletsa mapaundi oposa 3,000 kumayiko kuchokera ku ming'alu kapena mabowo.
Ndikosavuta kupeza zinthu zomwe zili zolimba komanso zokutira mwachangu, koma zopanga PC PC-konkriti ziwirizi zimayang'ana zonse zomwe mungasankhe nthawi imodzi. Epoxy iyi imatha kukonza zitsulo kapena zitsulo (monga ma bolts ma bolts ndi zida zina) kukhala konkriti, ndikupangitsa izi katatu kukhala kolimba ngati konkriti yomwe imamutsatira. Komanso, ndi nthawi yochirikiza mphindi 20 komanso nthawi yothira maola 4, imatha kumaliza ntchito yolemetsa.
Epoxy iyi imasungidwa mu chubu 8.6 yomwe imatha kukhala mfuti yotsika. Kusakaniza kwatsopano kwa anthu omwe amathandizira ogwiritsa ntchito kudera nkhawa za kusakaniza magawo awiriwo. Utuwu wa epoxy umakhala wopanda madzi ndikumiza m'madzi mokwanira, ndipo utha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamisewu, ma driveward, makhoma apansi, maziko ndi matembenuzidwe ena konkriti.
Kudzaza ming'alu yayikulu, nkhawa zakuya, kapena madera omwe alibe zinthu ndi caulk kapena madzi amakhala ovuta. Mwamwayi, konkrite ya Damtite Inlite Panch Panch ikhoza kuthana ndi mavuto akulu awa ndi zina zambiri. Kukonzanso kwa madziwa kumagwiritsa ntchito njira yopanda tanthauzo yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito 1 inchi yathya kwambiri pamwamba mpaka 3 mainchesi.
Katundu wokonzanso amabwera ndi mapaundi 6 okonza ndi mapangidwe amadzimadzi amadzimadzi, chifukwa ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kukonza konkriti molondola malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zomwe amafunikira kusakanikirana. Pofotokoza, mmodzi mwa zitseko zimaphimba mpaka mapiri atatu ozungulira, ma driveward, kapena ena onkriti. Wogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kuzigwiritsa ntchito mopanda kapena pamwamba pa kusweka.
Ngakhale tsopano muli ndi zambiri zokhudzana ndi ma vatele osokoneza bongo abwino kwambiri, mafunso ena angabuke. Onani mayankho a mafunso otsatirawa.
Njira yosavuta yopezera ming'alu yabwino ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafayilo amadzimadzi. Finyani dontho la filler pamtambo, kenako gwiritsani ntchito trowel kuti mukankhire filler.
Zimatengera nkhaniyo, m'lifupi mwake msasa, ndi kutentha. Osewera ena amawuma mkati mwa ola limodzi, pomwe mafilimu ena angafune maola 24 kapena kupitilira.
Njira yosavuta yochotsera konkriti wosefera ndikugwiritsa ntchito chopukusira ndi kupera m'mphepete mwa osefera.
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Post Nthawi: Aug-26-2021