Nthawi zina ming'alu imayenera kukonzedwa, koma pali zosankha zambiri, timapanga bwanji ndi kusankha njira yabwino yokonza? Izi sizovuta monga momwe mukuganizira.
Atafufuza ming'alu ndikuwona zolinga zokonza, kupanga kapena kusankha zinthu zabwino kwambiri ndi njira zosavuta. Chidule ichi cha kusintha kwa shack kumaphatikizapo njira zotsatirazi: kuyeretsa ndi kudzaza ndi kukhazikika / kuthira, kutulutsa mawu a polsoxy ndi "osakonza".
Monga tafotokozera mu "Gawo 1: Momwe Mungawunikire ndi Zovuta Zovuta" Mwachidule. Zachidziwikire, cholinga chokonzanso sikofunika kwambiri monga momwe mukuyezera m'lifupi ndikuwona kuthekera kwa kuyenda kwamtsogolo.
Ming'alu yogwira ikuyenda ndikukula. Zitsanzo zimaphatikizapo ming'alu yoyambitsidwa ndi sublove pansi pazinthu kapena ming'alu yomwe ndi yolumikizana / yolumikizirana ndi magawo a mamembala kapena zomangira. Ming'alu yokhazikika imakhala yokhazikika ndipo sayembekezeka kusintha mtsogolo. Nthawi zambiri, kusokonekera komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kununkhira kwa simenti kudzagwira ntchito kwambiri pachiyambipo, koma monga chinyezi cha konkriti chomwe chimakhazikika, chimakhazikika ndikukhazikitsa boma. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati zitsulo zokwanira (zotchinga, ulusi wamiyala, kapena ulusi wopangidwa ndi macroscopic) kudutsa, kusunthira mtsogolo kumawerengedwa ndipo ming'alu ingaonedwe kukhala mu matalala.
Kwa ming'alu yanyumba, gwiritsani ntchito zida zokhazikika kapena zosinthika. Ma minyewa yogwira amafunikira zida zosintha ndi zomwe amapanga popanga kuti mulole gulu lamtsogolo. Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zokonza zolimbitsa ming'alu yogwira nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kusokonekera kwa zokonza ndi / kapena konkriti moyandikana.
Chithunzi 1. Kugwiritsa ntchito singano yamatumbo (No. 14, 15 ndi 18)
Zachidziwikire, ndikofunikira kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonekera ndikudziwa ngati kusokonekera kumakhala kofunikira. Ming'alu yomwe imawonetsa kapangidwe kake, kapena zolakwika zomangamanga zimatha kuchititsa kuti anthu azida nkhawa ndi kuchuluka kwa katundu komanso chitetezo cha kapangidwe kake. Mitundu iyi yaming'alu imatha kukhala yofunikira kwambiri. Kuwonongeka kumatha chifukwa cha katundu, kapena kungakhale kogwirizana ndi kusintha kwa konkriti kwa konkriti, monga kufulumira kwa shrinka, kuwonjezeka kwa mafuta ndi shrinkal, ndipo mwina sangakhale ofunika. Musanasankhe njira yokonza, onetsetsani zomwe zimayambitsa ndikuwona kufunikira kwa kusweka.
Kukonza ming'alu yoyambitsidwa ndi kapangidwe kake, kapangidwe kake, ndi zolakwitsa zomanga sizopitilira muyeso wa nkhani yosavuta. Izi nthawi zambiri zimafuna kusanthula kokwanira ndipo kungafune kukonzanso kwapadera kukonzanso.
Kubwezeretsanso kukhazikika kwa zinthu kapena kukhulupirika kwa zigawo za konkriti, kupewa kutaya kapena kuyika madzi ndi zinthu zina zovulaza (monga mankhwala osokoneza bongo), ndikuwongolera mawonekedwe a ming'alu yofananira. Poganizira za zolinga izi, kukonza kumatha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu:
Ndi konkriti yotchuka yowonetsera konkire yoonekera komanso yomanga, kufunikira kokonzanso zodzikongoletsera kukukula. Kukonza kwa umphumphu nthawi zina kumapangitsa kusindikiza / kudzola kumafunikiranso kukonza mawonekedwe. Asanasankhe kukonza ukadaulo wokonza, tiyenera kufotokozerani cholinga chokonzanso.
Musanapange kukonzanso kapena kusankha njira yokonza, mafunso anayi ofunika ayenera kuyankhidwa. Mukayankha mafunso awa, mutha kusankha mosavuta njira yokonza.
Photo 2. Kugwiritsa ntchito tepi ya scotch, mabowo okumba, ndi mutu wosakanizira mutu wa mphira wolumikizidwa ndi mfuti yolumikizidwa ndi mitsuko, zinthu zokonza zitha kulowetsedwa mu mzere wam'madzi womwe umakhala pansi. Kelton Glewi, chapadera, Inc.
Njira yosavutayi yatchuka, makamaka yokonza zomanga, chifukwa zokonza zokonzedwa ndi ma visness otsika tsopano zikupezeka. Popeza zida izi zimayenda mosavuta kukhala ming'alu yopapatiza kwambiri ndi mphamvu yokoka, palibe chifukwa cholumikizira (mwachitsanzo, kukhazikitsa chosungira kapena chosanja chosindikizidwa). Popeza kuwomboledwa sikufunika, m'lifupi chomaliza ndi chofanana ndi m'lifupi mwake, chomwe sichinthu chowoneka bwino kuposa ming'alu yowonda. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito mabulosi am'madzi ndi kuyeretsa kwa vacuum ndikosafulumira komanso zachuma kuposa kuwononga.
Choyamba, yeretsani ming'alu kuti ichotse zinyalala ndi zinyalala, kenako dzazani zinthu zotsitsa. Wopanga wapanga phokoso laling'ono kwambiri lomwe limalumikizidwa ndi mfuti ya mtunda wamagalimoto omwe amapukutira ndi mfuti kukonza (chithunzi 1). Ngati nsonga ya mphukira ndi yokulirapo kuposa kutalika kwa miyala, njira zina zowonongeka zingafunikire kuti apange chipilalacho kuti chikhale ndi nsonga ya nsonga ya mphukira. Onani mafayilo mu zolemba za wopanga; Opanga ena amatchulanso kutalika kochepa kwa zinthuzo. Kuyeza ku CentIPoise, monga kuchuluka kwa ma visc Njira yosavuta yosinthira itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kukhazikitsa zokonza (onani Chithunzi 2).
Chithunzi 3. Kuwombera ndi kusindikiza kumaphatikizapo kudula koyamba chidebe chosindikizira ndi tsamba kapena lamisinkhu, kenako ndikudzaza ndi sealant yoyenera kapena finyone. Monga momwe chithunzicho chinawonetsera, kugwedeza kokhazikika kumadzazidwa ndi polyurethane, ndipo atachiritsa, amasungidwa ndi pansi. Kim Bash
Ichi ndiye njira yodziwika bwino yokonza, zabwino ndi zazikulu (chithunzi 3). Ndi njira yokonza zophatikizira zomwe zimaphatikizapo kukulitsa ming'alu (yowonda) ndikuwadzaza ndi zigawo zoyenera kapena mafilimu. Kutengera ndi kukula ndi mawonekedwe a chosindikizira chosindikizira komanso mtundu wa sealant kapena finyebero yogwiritsidwa ntchito, kuluma ndi kusindikiza kumatha kukonza ming'alu yogwira ndi ming'alu. Njirayi ndiyoyenera kwambiri pamalo opingasa, koma imatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pazinthu zofuula ndi zida zokonza.
Zida zoyenera kukonza zimaphatikizapo epoxy, poulurethane, sisilicone, pouyurea, ndi matope a polymer. Pakapolo pansi, wopanga ayenera kusankha zinthu mosasinthasintha komanso kuuma kapena kulimba mtima kuti azingoyembekezera kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pamsewu komanso mtsogolo. Monga kusintha kwa nyanja kumawonjezeka, kulekerera kosokoneza bongo ndi kusuntha kumawonjezeka, koma luso la chuma ndi chithandizo chamapulogalamu ndi chithandizo chamapulogalamu chimachepa. Kuumitsa kumakulirakulira, kunyamula katundu ndi kuwonongeka kwa mabatani, koma osokoneza bongo amalekerera amachepa.
Chithunzi 1. Monga momwe ntchito yolimbanirana ndi zinthu zomwe zimawonjezeka, kuuma kapena kuuma kwa zinthu kumawonjezeka ndipo kusinthasintha kumachepa. Pofuna kupewa mitsempha yaming'alu yaming'alu yowoneka ndi magalimoto owoneka bwino kuti atuluke, kuuma kwa shore osachepera 80 kumafunikira. Kim Banks amasangalala kwambiri ndikukonzanso madontho (chifukwa chakuti mitsinje yolimba imakhala bwino Chithandizo cha Stock Drack chimatsika. Mtengo wadzuwa umakhudzana ndi kuuma (kapena kusinthasintha) kwa zokonza. Monga momwe ntchito yolimba imakwera, kuuma (kuuma) kwazinthu zokonza kumawonjezeka ndipo kusinthasintha kumachepa.
Pakugwira ntchito kwachangu, kukula ndi mawonekedwe a zosungidwa zosindikizidwa ku sealant ndizofunikira kwambiri posankha chosindikizira choyenera chomwe chitha kuzolowera kuyenda mtsogolo. Cholinga chake ndi gawo la gawo la osungirako osindikizira. Nthawi zambiri, zosindikiza zosinthika, zinthu zosinthika ndi 1: 2 (0,5) ndi 1: 1 (1) (Onani Chithunzi 2). Kuchepetsa mawonekedwe (powonjezera mliriwo wachibale mpaka pansi) kudzachepetsa mavuto obwera chifukwa cha kukula kwapamwamba. Ngati mavuto osindikizira osindikizira amachepetsa, kuchuluka kwa kukula komwe kumapangitsa kuti sealant chitha kupiriranso. Kugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe omwe akupanga ndi wopanga kutsimikizira kuchuluka kwa sealant yopanda kulephera. Ngati pangafunike, khazikitsani zikwama za thovu kuti muchepetse kuzama kwa chosindikizira ndikuthandizira kupanga "korona".
Kuchuluka kwa sealant kwa sealant kumatsika ndi kuchuluka kwa mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe. Mainchesi 6. Mbale yolimba ndi kuya kwa mainchesi 0,020. Choyambitsa cha mawonekedwe osungira osakhazikika popanda kunyanja ndi 300 (6.0 mainchesi / 0,020 mainchesi = 300). Izi zikulongosola chifukwa chake ming'alu yosindikizidwa ndi chotchinga chosinthira popanda thanki ya sealant nthawi zambiri imalephera. Ngati palibe chosungira, ngati kufota kulikonse kumachitika, kupsinjika kudzapitilira kukula kwa nyanjayo. Pakakhala ming'alu yogwira, gwiritsani ntchito chosungira chokhazikika ndi mawonekedwe omwe akulimbikitsidwa ndi wopanga zosindikizidwa.
Chithunzi 2. Kuchulukitsa m'lifupi mwake kuchuluka kwa kukula kwake kungakulitse kuthekera kwa sealant kuthana ndi mphindi zapa mtsogolo. Gwiritsani ntchito mawonekedwe a 1: 2 (0,5) mpaka 1: 1 (1.) kapena monga momwe wopanga sealaraniran amalimbikitsidwe kuti muwonetsetse kuti zinthuzo zitha kutalika. Kim Bash
Epoxy Regin jakisoni wolumikizana kapena matchesi ming'alu yopapatiza ngati ma mainchesi 0.002 limodzi ndikubwezeretsa kukhulupirika kwa konkriti, kuphatikizapo kulimbikitsidwa kwa konkriti, kuphatikizapo kukhulupirika kwa konkriti, kuphatikizapo kukhulupirika kwa konkriti, kuphatikizapo mphamvu yamphamvu, kuphatikizira mphamvu ndi kuuma. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kugwiritsira ntchito chipewa chosamba cha epoxy kuti muchepetse ming'alu, ndikukhazikitsa jakisoni m'magawo ozungulira mopingasa mopingasa mopingasa mopingasa, komanso kupanikizika kwa epoxy stock (chithunzi 4).
Mphamvu yakuwoneka ya epoxy imaposa 5,000 psi. Pazifukwa izi, epoxy Rerin jakisoni amawerengedwa kuti kukonza mwaluso. Komabe, jakisoni wa Epoxy Remin sadzabwezeretsa nyonga ya Olembera, kapena kulimbikitsa kunkriti zomwe zawonongeka chifukwa chamapangidwe kapena zolakwika zomanga. Epoxy Stoni sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri kuti athetse mavuto kuti athetse mavuto okhudzana ndi kuthekera kolemedwa ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri.
Chithunzi 4. Asanalowetse Epoxy Stock, malo otsetsereka ayenera kuphimbidwa ndi epoxy yolumikizidwa ndi epoxy kuti achepetse kukakamiza epoxy stun. Pambuyo jakisoni, epoxy chipewa chimachotsedwa ndikukupera. Nthawi zambiri, kuchotsa chivundikiro kumasiya mazira abrasion pa konkriti. Kim Bash
Kupatula jakisoni wa epoxy ndi njira yokhwima, yozama, ndipo ming'alu yolowedwa ndi yamphamvu kuposa konkriti yoyandikana nayo. Ngati ming'alu kapena ming'alu yochita ngati shrinkage kapena zolumikizira zimalowetsedwa, ming'alu ina ikuyembekezeka kupanga pambali kapena kutali ndi ming'alu yokonzedwayo. Kungolowetsa ming'alu kapena ming'alu yokhala ndi zitsulo zokwanira zitsulo zomwe zimadutsa m'ming'alu kuti muchepetse mayendedwe amtsogolo. Khome lotsatirali limafotokoza mwachidule mawonekedwe ofunikira a njira yokonza iyi ndi njira zina zokonza.
Polyurethane resin imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kusindikiza chonyowa komanso chotupa ngati chopapatiza ngati 0,002 mainchesi. Njira yokonzayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popewa kutaya kwamadzi, kuphatikizapo kuyikapo nkhanza m'madzi kulowa mkati, komwe kumaphatikiza ndi madzi kuti apange gel otupa, ndikutulutsa mpweya (chithunzi 5). Maliritsi awa amathamangitsa madzi ndikulowa m'ming'alu yolimba kwambiri komanso konkriti ya konkriti kuti apange mgwirizano wamphamvu ndi konkriti wonyowa. Kuphatikiza apo, zochiritsira polirethara zimasinthasintha ndipo zimatha kuthana ndi mayendedwe amtsogolo. Njira yokonzayi ndikukonzanso kosatha, choyenera ming'alu yogwira kapena ming'alu yokongoletsa.
Photo 5. Jallurethane jakisoni akuphatikizanso kubowola, kukhazikitsa jakisoni wa jakisoni ndi jakisoni wa utomoni. Tsitsi limakhudzana ndi chinyezi mu konkriti kuti apange chithovu chokhazikika komanso chosinthika, ndikutseka. Kim Bash
Kwa ming'alu yokhala ndi mulifupi kwambiri pakati pa 0.004 inchi ndi 0,008 inchi, iyi ndiye njira yokonzanso kukonza kwa chinyontho pamaso pa chinyezi. Kuchiritsa kumachitika chifukwa cha tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timasokonekera ndikupanga calcium hydroxide toptar kuchokera ku mpweya wozungulira kuti apange calbonate ya carbonate pamtunda. 0,004 mainchesi. Pakupita masiku ochepa, kusweka kwakukulu kumatha kuchiritsa, mainchesi 0,008. Ming'alu imatha kuchira mkati mwa milungu ingapo. Ngati mpweya umakhudzidwa ndi madzi oyenda mwachangu ndi kuyenda, machiritso sadzachitika.
Nthawi zina "osakonza" njira yabwino kwambiri. Sikuti ming'alu yonse iyenera kukonzedwa, ndipo kuwunikira ming'alu ikhoza kukhala njira yabwino kwambiri. Ngati ndi kotheka, ming'alu imatha kukonzedwa pambuyo pake.
Post Nthawi: Sep-03-2021